Fountain pen



Sept. 21, 1948; LEPERWAS 2,449,561

' I FOUNTAIN PEN I Filed April 4 1946 I 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR LUDWl-G F. PERWAS ATTCI RNEYB Patented Sept. 21, 1948 FOUNTAIN PEN s I N Ludwig F. Perwas, Bronx, N. Y. t -w i r. Applicati n Anal, 1945, Serial No. 659,591 v i 1 "This invention relates to improvements in fountain pens of the type having conical-shaped points/with ink pumping filling instrumentalities therein, and in particular a resiliently held point with thepoint forming a valve and with a vent extending through a tubular piston rod of the pumpingmechanism and wherein the vent is provided with closing means at the inner and outer ends thereof.

The object of this invention is to provide a point for fountain pens that is only open to permit flow of ink when thepoint is pressed against a writing surface, and in which improved pumpingmechanism is provided for filling.

Another object of the invention'is toprovide' a pen having an improved leak proof mecha- Another object of the invention is to provide a pen having a leakproof valve ring that will prevent leakage of the'pen regardless of the altitude to which it is subjected. i

Another object of the invention is to provide a pen which will insure a full supplyof ink at the time it is filled. l i i .With the above and other objects and "advantages in view the invention consists 'oithe novel details of construction, arrangement and combination of parts more'fully hereinafter described, claimed and illustrated in the accom panying drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional View ofan embodiment of the invention; l

Figure 2 is a crosssectional view on the 2-- -2 of Figure 1; i i

Figure 3 is the same on the 1ine.3-3 oitFig ureljw l 1 Figure 4 is the same on the line 4-4 of Figure 1;

Figure 5 is the same on the line 55 X of Figure 1; i

Figure 6 is the same on th line 6-6 of Figure 1; i

Figure 7 is a detailed fragmentary. view of a;

modified form of pumping mechanism;

Figure 8 is a cross sectional view on theline 88ofFigure 7; it i t Figure 9 is the same on the line 9-9 of Figure 7; t

Figure 10 is another modified form of pumping mechanism;

Figure 11 is a cross sectional view on the line ll--H of Figure 10; i m

Figure 12 isthe same on the line l'2l2 of Figure 10; i l i Figure 13 is a modified form of a pen point line 6 Claims. (Cl. 120-47) 2 i and ink'feeding means taken on line Figure 15; y

Figure 14 is a cross sectional view onthe line l4-|4 of Figure 13; V

Figure 15 is the Figure 13; V M

Figure 16 is a plan view of the valve ring; 1 Figure 1'? is a side view thereof;

same, on the line 15-45 10f Figure 18is a 'detailedvie "of the control valve shown in Figure 1;

Figure of Figure 18;

Referring moreimdetail tothe drawings: and

in particular to Figures 1 to 6 inclusive, the ref erence numeral 30 designates the tubulanhousat the upper end thereof is internally threaded to receive the threaded plug- 34 inwhich isthreadedly mounted the tapered end'36at the upper end of which is threadedly mounted the tapered l point housing 38 having the tapered pen point 4!! loosely fitted therein. 3 3

The pen point 4|] is provided with vertical ink feed grooves 42 which may consist of one or more as desired. i

Threadedly mounted adjusting member 44 having a seat 46 therein to receive one end of a spring'48 the other end of whichengages the point 40 and adjustment of the member 44 tensions the spring 48 for the adjustment of pressure on the point 40. l i i i The end 36 is provided with apassageway 5 which at the upper end communicates with the port 52in the housin 38 and at the lower 'end with thebircular groove 54 in the housing 36 which communicates with the circulargroove 56 in the plug 34. H

Mounted inthe communicating grooves 54 and 56 is a-circular ring 58 made of plastic or other w buoyant resilient material. Communicating with groove 56 in the plug 34 are the vertical passagea ways 60 which at their lowerends communicate with the circular seat 62. t i

An inclined air outlet passageway 64 is provided in: the end, 36 which communicateswith valve 68s'eats in the upper end of the tube 66.

The plug 34 is provided with a circular recess 12 in which a circular band spring 14 is posi- 19 is a sectional view of the penpoint, and l Figure 20 is a sectional viewon thelin-e 20- 20 inthe housing as is the l 3 housing 30 to frictionally contact the inner surface of the cover to retain the cover 32 on the housing 30.

A compression spring I8 mounted on the tube 66 has one end engageable in the seat 62 and the other end engaging the piston 86.

The piston 80 is provided with a rib 82 or if desired more ribs may be provided to strengthen the mechanism, the ribs also function as alignment means for positioning the piston and plug in relation to each other. A valve 84 is provided in the piston 80 to permit air to escape from the housing 36.

Mounted on the lower end of the tube 66 is the.

tubular control rod 86 having a circular plate 88 formed integral therewith and a resilient gas.-

ket 90 secured to the plate 88 engages the lower 'surface of the piston 86 and the upper end of the rod 86 enters the bore 92 in the piston 86 and the rod 86 is provided with air ports 94.

. The lower end of. the. tube 6.6 is closed. by the plug valve 96 mounted in the guide fingers 98- in. the. rod 8.6..and the valve 96 is forced into closing position by the spring I60 engaging the valve atone. end and the cap I62 at, the other end.

A threaded plug I64 is mounted in the end of the housing 3.6 and is provided with a bore I66 in which the rod 86. is mounted. I

A: circular recess. I68communicating with the bore I06 has a circular or oval packing ring 0 mounted therein. whichis retained inposition by the double flange compression ring or collar It2. which is engagedby the threaded adjusting screw H4 and the collar II2 engages the ribs H6 of the bottom cover -I I8 which is threadedly mounted: on. the plug I 04. r

Thegcover 32 is provided with a pocket clip I28 that is retained thereon by-a plug I22. having a central-seat I24in which is mounted the stud I26 which is; threadedly mounted in the resilient airtight cover I128 withinthe. cover 32 and cover. I28.

engages the tapered end 36. A locknu-t I retainsthe. stud I26 which engagesrat the upper end thereof the nut I36, and at the lower endthe tit I36 formed on the end of the cover I 28.

In Figure .3 the piston 80 is-shown. with arcuate shaped slots I 38 to permit-the liquid to rise beyond the piston 80 thereby increasingthe liquid supply capacity by: utilizing all availablespace.

Int Figure itheplate 88: is: shown with the arena ate shaped control slot I46- which .will coincide with slot. r68 upon adiustmentthereof.

InFigures '1 to 9 inclusive, the housing 30a; is provided with the partition H2 adjacent the lower end thereof to support the-.rod'86a and a seat I44 therein receives: the packingring. I I6 which is retained. therein by? the washer I46 and adjusting screw; I48 -andvthe: ribs II6 have been eliminated from the cover 8a which as shown is-threadedly connected to the housing 36a.

Formedintegral with. the upper end of the rod filimis'the piston I56 having the piston ring I 52' In Figure 9. the. piston. [50. is. shown provided;

4 with arcuate shaped slots I64 which are similar in operation to slots I62.

In Figures 10 to 12 inclusive the housing 301) is shown having the piston 2I4 mounted therein and connected by a screw 2I6 to the manipulatin'g tubular rod 2 I 8. This rod is positioned in the supply chamber 220 and has a passageway 222 therein which is sufficiently narrow to permit liquid to pass therein when chamber 220 is full.

Piston 2I4 is providedwith a seat 224- for the plastic resilient buoyant piston ring 226.

The ring 226 is retained in a favorable oper- I ating position by means of the circular plate 228 formed on the rod 2I8 and the plate 228 is provided with air and liquid passage slots 230. A spring pressed ball valve 232 closes the lower end of the passageway 222, and the spring 234 is seated adjacent the knob 236 which is threadedly connected to the rod 2I8. A partition 238 supports the rod 2I8 and the under side engages the resilientpacking ring 249 which is retained in placeby the packing rin 242 and adjusting screw 244.. Positionedin the rod 218 adjacent the valve 222v is thetransverse air escape opening 244 andtacompression spring 246 engages the. piston 2 I4 on the top thereof and a bottom cover 248 is threadedly connected to the housing- 30b atthe lower end thereof. l a

In Figure 11 the piston 2I4 is shown with-the arcuate. shaped slots 250 and in Figure 12-. with the arcuate shaped air and liquid slots 252.

InFigures 10. to 12 inclusivethe bottom cover.- 248. is removed and. the pen point 42. is: dipped into the liquid supply. and the rod H8 is manipulated inwardly and outwardly several times for thefilling thereof. The implement is retained a little longer in the liquid supply while replacing.

the cover 248 to insure complete'filling thereof. When thesupply is completely replenished the:

cover is replaced and while .thisis beingdone the liquid will flow or rise beyond the piston 2I4 since thevalve ring 226 is buoyant andonthe inward stroke: the valve ring. 226 will favorably: tend to remain adjacent to the plate 228 since.

it adheres to the piston wall orhousing and-on the: outward stroke due to spring 246- willgtend' to remain adjacent the piston 2I4 formingxan air tight fit betweenthe piston 2 I4 andthehous In Figures 13 to 15 inclusive a capillaryaction the housing 30b and vertical grooves or passages" 258 therein communicate with the vertical p'assage 260 formed in the tubular member 262 formed on the plu 256'; Member 262 isa capillary action siphon feed tube which with tube 25 rformsv the complete capillary action unit.

Tube 262 will extend downwardly toward the bottom. of thesuppl-y chamber to a position below the lowest level the liquid supply can reachand:tube 254 is provided with inlet ports 255;

A plug 264 is threadedly mounted inthe upper end of the. housing 30 and is: provided with vertical openings 266 communicating with the ink reservoirr268 iii-which. is formed a channel" 218 which is adjusted by means of the adjusting screw 2'I-2' having ports or channel: 214: communicating with openings 266 and channe1=.2l.0.. A channel 266 communicates-with passage. 266 and channel 218 will communicate with ports 214 andpassage' The pen point 282 has ink grooves 284 and ports 286 leading from seat 288 in which the compression spring 290 is mounted and the spring is retained in the seat by the adjusting screw 292. The seat 288 is not tapered and this will only prevent wabbling of the point but the seat functions as an ink reservoir and when the point moves inwardly due to the pressure of contacting a writing surface ink will fiow through the grooves. The ports 286 are connected to the grooves284 by the tapered formation of the point to permit ink to flow into the grooves but when pressure is relieved the pen point will seal the supply of liquid thereto.

By capillary action the liquid passes through ports 255, grooves 258, passage 280 to reservoir 268 then to seat 288 and to the pen point. Through this arrangement pressure is avoided thereby prethe housing, a conical-shaped pen point freely positioned in the socket of the head, resilient means urging the point outward to the writing position, means adjusting. the pressure of the resilient means, a piston in the housing, a valve in the piston, a tubular piston rod extending from the piston through the plug in the opposite end of the housing, a cap on the outer end of the piston rod threaded on the plug through which the rod extends, and a. tubular vent extending through the piston rod and to a point at the inner venting overflowing and making a full supply of ink in the pump reservoir. The capillary action feed tube coacts with the pump mechanism preventing the liquid in the pump reservoir from flowing out, due to the full supply obtained by the operation of the pump mechanism.

Figures 16 and 17 show a resilient valve or packing ring 294 which is similar in construction to ring IIO, I94 and 240 in which are provided ports 296.

In Figure 18 there is shown the rod 88, tube 96, valve 90 and spring I00. In Figure 19 the seat 288 is shown tapered at its upper end at 289 and the seat moves inwardly with the point. In Figure 20 there is shown rod 88, the tapered upper end of valve 96, and the guide fingers 98.

When the cover I I9 is on plug I04, plug 98 prevents liquids from entering the tube 68 and air grooves 298 permit air to pass. around the plug 96, shoulders 298 formed on guide fingers 98 prevent the plug 96, from falling through when the cover is removed and interfering with the operation of the pum mechanism by blocking the air entrance channels.

To fill the pen with ink the cap 32 is removed and the cap I I8 unscrewed from the plug I04. The piston is then drawn outward by the tubular control rod 86 and the plate 88, the cap I I8 which is on the end of the rod 86 being gripped by the thumb and forefinger, and after the barrel is filled the piston is returned to the position shown in Figure 1, the ink passing through the valves in the piston and openings in the associated parts.

In use the cap 32 is removed and as the point 40 is pressed against a surface it backs upward into the pen, opening the grooves 42, and ink will flow through the passage 50 to the point.

It is believed that the construction and operation of the device will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and it is to be understood that changes may be made in the details of construction, arrangement and combination of parts without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described the invention what is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:

1. In a fountain pen, the combination, which comprises, a tubular housing, plugs threaded in opposite ends of the housing, a head with a conical-shaped outer surface and having a socket in the end carried by the plug at the writing end of end of the head, said head having an outlet passage therethrough communicating with the said tubular vent.

2. A fountain pen as described in claim 1 having a valve between the tubular vent and the said outlet passage through the head closing the passage to prevent leakage of ink with the pen in the writing position.

3. A fountain pen as described in claim 1 having a cap providing a. closure for the pen point, and an auxiliary cap suspended in the former cap and positioned to close the outer end of said outlet passage through the head to prevent leakage of ink through the said outlet passage.

4. A fountain pen as described in claim 1 having a spring around the piston rod for urging the piston inward, a packing gland in the plug at the outer end of the piston rod, and a valve in the outer end of the piston rod for closing the vent through the piston rod with the pen in the closed shaped outer surface to correspond with the surface of the inner opening of the head positioned in said inner opening and havinglongitudinally disposed grooves in the outer surface, said grooves extending from the outer end of the point to a point spaced from the inner end providing a valve surface around the inner end of the point to coact with the inner opening of the head to close said opening, means resiliently urging the said point outward to seat the valve, said head having an ink passage from the point to the interior of the easing, and filling means in the casing.

6. A fountain pen as described in claim 5, having means adjusting the tension of the resilient means for urging the point outward.

LUDWICT F. PERWAS.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATE-S PATENTS Mohns Mar. 14, 1944 

